Rack and pinions are mechanical components used to convert rotational motion into linear motion or vice versa. They consist of two main parts:

1. Rack – A flat, toothed bar (linear gear)
2. Pinion – A small, round gear that meshes with the rack

How It Works

When the pinion rotates, its teeth engage with the rack, causing the rack to move in a straight line. If the rack is fixed and the pinion moves along it, rotational motion is converted into linear motion.

Common Applications

• Steering Systems – Used in cars for precise steering control
• Machinery – Found in CNC machines, presses, and conveyors
• Lifts & Elevators – Used in some vertical motion systems
• Railways – Rack railways use a rack and pinion system to climb steep inclines